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1.
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-217420

ABSTRACT

In today’s scenario accelerating cost of health significantly impact the health of people and the populace creat-ing a monetary burden on poor households. One of the key concerns while tackling healthcare disparities is out-of-pocket expenses (OOPE). Providing financial safety and provide universal coverage to the entire popu-lace are the main goal of health schemes. Health policies in India are based on equity prioritising the needs of the poor and underprivileged. Likewise, there is a discrepancy in the consistency of information and knowledge regarding the scheme among the beneficiaries. A review was created to help medical and nursing professionals to gain comprehensive knowledge of various health schemes. We tried to give an overview of various health schemes including Ayushman Bharat Yojana, Aam Aadmi Bima Yojana (AABY), Pradhan Mantri Suraksha Bima Yojana (PMSBY), Rashtriya Swasthya BimaYojana (RSBY), Central Government Health Scheme (CGHS), Employees State Insurance Scheme (ESIC), Employee Health Scheme and various state-level health schemes. include, Yeshasvini Health Insurance Scheme, Mahatma Jyotiba Phule Jan Arogya Yojana, Chief Min-ister Comprehensive Health Insurance Scheme, Mukhyamantri Amrutum Yojana, Karunya Health Scheme, Awaz Health Insurance Scheme, Telangana State Govt Employees and Journalist Health Scheme, Dr Ysr Aarog-yastri Health Care Trust, Mukhyamantri Chiranjeevi Yojana, Rajasthan Government Health Scheme (RGHS), and Aarogya Raksha.

2.
Rev. Ocup. Hum. (En línea) ; 21(1): 42-57, 2021.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1254200

ABSTRACT

La incapacidad temporal es el beneficio asistencial y económico que se le reconoce a trabajadoras y trabajadores cotizantes del sistema de seguridad social por la afectación en su capacidad laboral e implica ausentismo y asistencia para el retorno al trabajo. El objetivo de esta revisión es explorar las concepciones, los sujetos y las situaciones protegidas por esta prestación en diferentes países. Se realizó una revisión de literatura en bases de datos y sitios web oficiales de Colombia, Argentina, Chile, Perú, Ecuador, México, España y Portugal. Para el análisis se diseñaron matrices y un cuadro descriptivo con identificadores normativos; los hallazgos se organizaron en categorías. Se encontraron semejanzas en los elementos conceptuales, eventos y sujetos de protección. Las diferencias están en los requisitos y duración. La incapacidad temporal es un beneficio universal y finito reconocido como un derecho laboral y de la seguridad social. Por su impacto económico y social, debe ser estudiada desde la gestión en salud y de los riesgos laborales para el diseño de planes y programas, así como de estrategias regionales con enfoque de equidad, considerando la ocupación y el ámbito laboral.


Sick leave is an economic and support benefit of a social security system for workers who contribute to it, when their work capacity has been impacted. It implies absenteeism and assistance to return to work. This review aims to explore the conceptions and protected subjects and events of this benefit in different countries. A literature review was carried out on databases and official websites of Colombia, Argentina, Chile, Perú, Ecuador, México, Spain, and Portugal. For the analysis, matrices and a descriptive table with normative identifiers were designed. The findings were organized into categories. Similarities were found in conceptual elements and the protected events and subjects. The differences include the requirements and duration. Sick leave is a universal and finite benefit recognized as a labor and social security right. Due to its economic and social impact, it must be studied from health and occupational risks management to design plans and programs and regional strategies focusing on equity, considering the occupation and the work environment.


A licença médica é o benefício assistencial e econômico que é reconhecido aos trabalhadores e trabalhadoras contribuintes do sistema de previdência social pelo impacto na sua capacidade para o trabalho e implica absentismo e assistência no regresso ao trabalho. O objetivo desta revisão é explorar as concepções, temas e situações protegidas por esse benefício em diferentes países. Foi realizada uma revisão da literatura em bases de dados e em sites oficiais da Colômbia, Argentina, Chile, Peru, Equador, México, Espanha e Portugal. Para a análise, foram elaboradas matrizes e uma tabela descritiva com identificadores normativos; os resultados foram organizados em categorias. Semelhanças foram encontradas nos elementos conceituais, eventos e temas de proteção. As diferenças estão nos requisitos e na duração. A licença médica é um benefício universal e finito, reconhecido como direito trabalhista e previdenciário. Devido ao seu impacto econômico e social, deve ser estudada a partir da gestão em saúde e dos riscos trabalhistas para o esboço de planos e programas; bem como das estratégias regionais com foco na equidade, considerando a ocupação e o ambiente de trabalho.


Subject(s)
Social Security , Sick Leave , Salaries and Fringe Benefits , Work , Occupational Risks , Absenteeism , Occupations
3.
Rev. bras. med. trab ; 17(1): 99-105, jan-mar.2019.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1000359

ABSTRACT

INTRODUÇÃO: Os benefícios previdenciários mudaram de características ao longo dos anos, em decorrência da modificação do padrão de organização do trabalho, que provocou novas vulnerabilidades sociais, nas quais emergiram questões mais evidentes relativas à saúde do trabalhador, como os transtornos mentais e comportamentais. OBJETIVO: Descrever os benefícios previdenciários temporários concedidos pelo Instituto Nacional do Seguro Social (INSS) para trabalhadores com transtornos mentais e comportamentais do estado do Piauí, no ano de 2014. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de estudo descritivo, de corte transversal, com coleta retrospectiva, realizado na cidade de Teresina, Piauí, Brasil, a partir de dados do INSS coletados no mês de novembro de 2015, referentes ao ano de 2014. RESULTADOS: No período foram concedidos 1.473 benefícios, dos quais 50,4% dos trabalhadores eram homens, a maioria procedente da capital, com atividade urbana. Destes, 47,7% afastaram-se por transtornos do humor. O tempo médio de benefício foi de 112,6 dias. Houve diferença significativa entre o tempo de benefício e o tipo de auxílio (p<0,012), a clientela (p<0,015) e o sexo dos trabalhadores afastados (p=0,010). CONCLUSÃO: A principal causa de afastamento por transtorno mental e comportamental decorreu dos transtornos do humor, cujo benefício caracterizou-se por ser previdenciário. Observou-se que houve diferença significativa entre o tempo de benefício e o tipo de auxílio, a clientela e o sexo dos trabalhadores afastados.


BACKGROUND: The characteristics of social security benefits changed over time as a function of modifications in the patterns of work organization. This process gave rise to new social vulnerabilities which include aspects visibly related to occupational health, as is the case of mental and behavioral disorders. OBJECTIVE: To describe temporary social security benefits granted by the National Social Security Institute (INSS) to workers with mental and behavioral disorders in Piaui, Brazil, in 2014. METHODS: Crosssectional, descriptive and retrospective study based on INSS data collected in November 2015 relative to 2014. RESULTS: 1,473 benefits were granted along the analyzed period, 50.4% of which corresponded to male workers. Most beneficiaries resided in the state capital and had urban jobs. Mood disorders accounted for 47.7% of sick leaves. The mean duration of benefits was 112.6 days. There was significant difference in the duration of benefits according to their type (p<0.012), urban versus rural jobs (p<0.015) and sex (p=0.010). CONCLUSION: Mood disorders were the most frequent reason for sick leaves due to mental and behavioral disorders and the affected workers were granted social security benefits. The duration of leaves significantly differed as a function of the type of benefits, urban versus rural jobs and sex.

4.
Journal of Periodontal & Implant Science ; : 248-257, 2019.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-766108

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: The purpose of this retrospective study was to investigate the relationships of types of dental insurance coverage in Korea with sociodemographic characteristics and the prevalence of systemic and oral diseases, as well as to evaluate the socioeconomic impact of Korean dental insurance policies. METHODS: Sample cohort data from 2006 to 2015 were obtained from the National Health Insurance Service. Patients were divided into 2 groups. The exposed group comprised patients who received insurance benefits for complete dentures, removable partial dentures, and implant care, while the control group comprised patients who did not receive these benefits. The type of insurance coverage and the prevalence of systemic and oral diseases were compared between the 2 groups. RESULTS: Patients who received benefits in the form of complete dentures, removable partial dentures, and implants had similar sociodemographic characteristics in terms of sex, age, income quintile, and type of insurance coverage to the control group. The prevalence of hypertension, anemia, renal disease, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoporosis, asthma, and cerebral infarction was higher in the exposed group than in the control group (P<0.05). The prevalence of periodontal diseases and dental caries was also higher in the exposed group. CONCLUSIONS: Korean dental health insurance policy has been beneficial for the medical expenses of low-income and elderly people suffering from a cost burden due to systemic diseases. However, since there is a tendency to avoid invasive interventions in older patients due to the high risk of systemic diseases, insurance coverage of dentures may be more helpful from a socioeconomic perspective than coverage of dental implant treatments.


Subject(s)
Aged , Humans , Anemia , Arthritis, Rheumatoid , Asthma , Cerebral Infarction , Cohort Studies , Dental Caries , Dental Implants , Denture, Complete , Denture, Partial, Removable , Dentures , Health Services for the Aged , Hypertension , Insurance Benefits , Insurance Coverage , Insurance, Dental , Insurance, Health , Korea , National Health Programs , Osteoporosis , Periodontal Diseases , Prevalence , Retrospective Studies
5.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 81(4): 286-292, July-Aug. 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-950473

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Purpose: To identify the frequency of ocular diseases among recipients of disability benefits in the metropolitan region of Recife, Brazil. Methods: A review was performed of 217,221 cases of disability benefits granted between 2010 and 2015 by the executive managerial department of the Brazilian National Institute of Social Security (Instituto Nacional do Seguro Social [INSS]) in Recife, which encompasses 14 municipalities of the metropolitan region, including the capital. The frequencies of the identified cases of ocular morbidity were then determined according to their group in the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision (ICD-10), their cause, the age, sex, and income of the recipient, and the type and duration of the benefit. Results: Of all disability benefits granted, 5,324 (2.5%) were due to ocular disease, the majority (91.1%) consisting of sick pay. Most of the beneficiaries (64.6%) were males, were 20 to 59 years of age, and 61.2% earned the minimum wage or less. The principal ocular diseases for which sick pay benefits were granted were cataract (24.5%), conjunctivitis (21.1%), and pterygium (8.8%). Blindness and low vision were the principal ocular diseases in cases of accident indemnity and disability retirement. Conclusions: The results highlight the magnitude of the problem of ocular diseases to the social security system, with serious economic and social losses, and emphasize the need for measures aimed at their prevention. Moreover, integration between the national departments of health and social security needs to be improved.


RESUMO Objetivo: Identificar a frequência das doenças oculares entre os segurados com benefícios por incapacidade. Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo de 217.221 benefícios por incapacidade concedidos pelo Instituto Nacional do Seguro Social (INSS) da gerência executiva de Recife, que engloba os 14 municípios da região metropolitana, incluindo a capital, no período de 2010-2015. Os casos de doenças oculares foram avaliados quanto à frequência considerando seu grupo na CID-10. Foi feita ainda uma análise do perfil dos benefícios concedidos por estas doenças com relação à causa, idade, sexo, faixa salarial, espécie e duração do benefício. Resultados Do total dos benefícios concedidos, 5.324 foram decorrentes de doenças oftalmológicas (2,5%) e entre estes, a maioria como auxíliodoença (91,1%). Houve predomínio do sexo masculino (64,6%), faixa etária dos 20 aos 59 anos e valor de até 01 salário mínimo (61,2%). Entre as concessões de auxíliodoença a principal causa foi a catarata (24,5%), seguida pela conjuntivite (21,1%) e pterígio (8,8%). A cegueira e baixa visão foi a principal causa de auxílio-acidente e aposentadoria por invalidez. Conclusões: Os resultados destacam a magnitude do problema das doenças oculares para a Previdência Social, com graves perdas econômicas e sociais, e enfatizam a necessidade de medidas que visem sua prevenção e maior integração entre os serviços de saúde e o INSS (Instituto Nacional do Seguro Social).


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Social Security/statistics & numerical data , Sick Leave/statistics & numerical data , Eye Diseases/epidemiology , Social Security/economics , Urban Population , Brazil/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Retrospective Studies , Sick Leave/economics , Eye Diseases/classification , Eye Diseases/economics
6.
Rev. bras. med. trab ; 16(2): 185-191, abr.-jun-2018.
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-909228

ABSTRACT

Introdução: Os benefícios previdenciários refletem o impacto socioeconômico gerado pela incapacidade ao trabalho por motivo de doença. As doenças cardiovasculares (DCV) são as principais causas de mortalidade e morbidade no mundo. Objetivo: Avaliar, clínica e economicamente, os benefícios previdenciários concedidos por DCVs no Recife, Pernambuco, no quinquênio 2011­2015. Métodos: Estudo descritivo, de corte transversal, com coleta de informações e análise dos benefícios por incapacidade pelas DCVs na gerência executiva do Instituto Nacional do Seguro Social no Recife, por intermédio do Sistema Único de Informações de Benefícios. Resultados: No quinquênio 2011­2015 foram concedidos 186.058 benefícios. Destes, 8.968 (4,8%) foram por DCVs, entre os quais 6.049 (67,5%) foram selecionados por serem as doenças mais frequentes. Dos beneficiários, 78% são masculinos e 63,8% estavam na faixa etária entre 45 e 59 anos. O acidente vascular encefálico (AVE) e a insuficiência cardíaca (IC) foram responsáveis pela maior duração de afastamento ao trabalho (entre 135 e 138 dias) e pelo maior valor do benefício (próximo de R$ 3.900 mensais). Conclusão: Embora a hipertensão arterial sistêmica não acarrete um afastamento tão longo e não seja tão dispendiosa, ela deveria ser prevenida, por ser causa importante de AVE e IC, duas das principais DCVs responsáveis por maior custo e número de dias de absenteísmo. A melhoria da qualidade de vida da população visa à atenuação do impacto na Previdência Social, no mundo do trabalho e na sociedade como um todo.


Background: Social security benefits reflect the socioeconomic impact of work incapacity by disease. Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the main cause of mortality and mortality worldwide. Objective: To evaluate benefits granted due to CVD in Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil, from 2011 to 2015, from the clinical and economic perspective. Methods: Cross-sectional and descriptive study which collected and analyzed data on benefits granted for disability caused by CVD by the executive management of the National Social Security Institute in Recife, via the Unified System of Information on Benefits. Results: 186,058 benefits were granted from 2011 to 2015, 8,968 (4.8%) corresponded to CVD, of which 6,049 (67.5%) were selected for analysis because they corresponded to the most frequent diseases. About 78% of the beneficiaries were male and 63.8% were within age range 45 to 59 years old. Stroke and heart failure (HF) accounted for the longest sick leaves (133 to 138 days) and highest benefit amounts (about BRL 3,900.00 per month). Conclusion: While hypertension does not result in as long leaves and costs, it should be prevented for being a significant cause of stroke and HF, both of which account for longer sick leaves and higher social security costs. Improving the quality of life of the population seeks to reduce their impacts on the social security system, the world of work and society at large


Subject(s)
Humans , Social Security , Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology , Insurance, Disability , Insurance Benefits , Occupational Health Services , Brazil , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Cohort Studies
7.
Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992) ; 64(4): 339-345, Apr. 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-956450

ABSTRACT

SUMMARY BACKGROUND: To present data on the social security burden of diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue (DSOTC) in Brasil in 2014, and evolution of these social security expenditures between 2009 and 2014. METHOD: Compilation and analysis of data on the granting of disability pensions and sickness benefits in the year 2014, available on the official website of Social Security, classified according to ICD 10. It was evaluated the evolution between 2009 and 2014, using the F test to compare the curves with the growth of the active age population (PIA). RESULTS: Among the 22 disease groups classified according to ICD-10, the DSOTC group led benefits grants in 2014, with 19% of the sickness benefits and 13.5% of the disability pensions. The main causes of sickness benefit and disability retirement were, respectively: dorsopathies (43.3% and 41.2%), soft tissue diseases (27.3% and 19.7%), osteoarthritis (7.6% % And 27.8%) and chronic inflammatory arthropathies (2.8% and 7.9%). In the evolution of the number of sickness benefits granted between 2009 and 2014, both INSS and DSOTC totals showed an increasing tendency (35.9 and 35.3%, respectively, with p = 0.000 for both). As for disability retirement, there was a 5.9% increase in the INSS total (p = 0.039), while for the DSOTC there was a decrease of 7.6% (p = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS: These data point to a progressive increase in the granting of sickness pensions and disability benefits in the country, superior to the growth of the PIA, as well as a high participation of DSOTC in these benefits.


RESUMO OBJETIVOS: Apresentar dados sobre o ônus previdenciário das doenças do sistema osteomuscular e tecido conjuntivo (DSOTC) no Brasil no ano de 2014, e sua evolução entre 2009 e 2014. MÉTODO: Compilação e análise de dados sobre a concessão de aposentadorias por invalidez e auxílios-doença no ano de 2014 disponíveis no portal oficial da Previdência Social, classificados segundo o CID 10. Avaliação da evolução entre 2009 e 2014, utilizando-se o teste F para comparar as curvas com o crescimento da população em idade ativa (PIA). RESULTADOS: Entre 22 grupos de doenças classificados de acordo com o CID 10, o das DSOTC liderou as concessões de benefícios em 2014, com 19% dos auxílios-doença e 13,5% das aposentadorias por invalidez. As principais causas de concessão de auxílio-doença e aposentadoria por invalidez foram, respectivamente: dorsopatias (43,3% e 41,2%), doenças de partes moles (27,3% e 19,7%), osteoartrite (7,6% e 27,8%) e artropatias inflamatórias crônicas (2,8% e 7,9%). Na evolução do número de auxílios-doença concedidos entre 2009 e 2014, tanto o total do INSS quanto o do grupo DSOTC apresentaram tendência crescente (35,9 e 35,3%, respectivamente, com p = 0,000 para ambos). Já para aposentadoria por invalidez, houve aumento de 5,9% no total do INSS (p = 0,039), enquanto que para as DSOTC houve um decréscimo de 7,6% (p = 0,005). CONCLUSÕES: Verificou-se uma elevação progressiva na concessão de auxílio-doença e aposentadoria por invalidez no País, superior ao aumento da população em idade ativa. As DSOTC foram o grupo com maior participação relativa nesses benefícios.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Social Security/statistics & numerical data , Musculoskeletal Diseases/economics , Disabled Persons/statistics & numerical data , Insurance, Disability/statistics & numerical data , Pensions/statistics & numerical data , Retirement/trends , Retirement/statistics & numerical data , Social Security/trends , Brazil/epidemiology , International Classification of Diseases , Health Expenditures , Musculoskeletal Diseases/epidemiology , Insurance, Disability/trends
8.
Journal of Periodontal & Implant Science ; : 3-11, 2018.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-766049

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: This study utilized a strong quasi-experimental design to test the hypothesis that the implementation of a policy to expand dental care services resulted in an increase in the usage of dental outpatient services. METHODS: A total of 45,650,000 subjects with diagnoses of gingivitis or advanced periodontitis who received dental scaling were selected and examined, utilizing National Health Insurance claims data from July 2010 through November 2015. We performed a segmented regression analysis of the interrupted time-series to analyze the time-series trend in dental costs before and after the policy implementation, and assessed immediate changes in dental costs. RESULTS: After the policy change was implemented, a statistically significant 18% increase occurred in the observed total dental cost per patient, after adjustment for age, sex, and residence area. In addition, the dental costs of outpatient gingivitis treatment increased immediately by almost 47%, compared with a 15% increase in treatment costs for advanced periodontitis outpatients. This policy effect appears to be sustainable. CONCLUSIONS: The introduction of the new policy positively impacted the immediate and long-term outpatient utilization of dental scaling treatment in South Korea. While the policy was intended to entice patients to prevent periodontal disease, thus benefiting the insurance system, our results showed that the policy also increased treatment accessibility for potential periodontal disease patients and may improve long-term periodontal health in the South Korean population.


Subject(s)
Humans , Delivery of Health Care , Dental Care , Dental Scaling , Diagnosis , Gingivitis , Health Care Costs , Health Policy , Health Services Accessibility , Insurance , Insurance Benefits , Korea , National Health Programs , Outpatients , Periodontal Diseases , Periodontitis
9.
Chinese Journal of Health Policy ; (12): 8-13, 2017.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-607996

ABSTRACT

Objective: This study aims to analyze the effects of catastrophic disease insurance (CDI), especially to evaluate the influences of CDI on the discrepancy of benefits between the patients covered by the Employee's Medical Insurance (EMI) and the Resident's Medical Insurance (RMI).Methods: The data used in the study are collected from the health insurance database of Zhuhai City in the years of 2012 and 2014.A descriptive analysis is made to depict the general situation of CDI in the city, and a logistic regression model is used to analyze the factors that affect the probability to get the benefits of CDI.Moreover, a triple difference model is built up to probe into the CDI's effects on the discrepancy of reimbursement ratio between patients covered by EMI and RMI.Results: The benefits of CDI favor the patients with old age, high medical expenditures and chronic diseases.When other factors are controlled, patients covered by EMI have lower probability to get CDI benefits than those covered by RMI.Within the patients with high medical expenditures who have gotten the CDI benefits, those covered by EMI enjoy higher reimbursement ratio than those covered by RMI, but CDI decreases the discrepancy by 3.2%.Conclusions: Since the CDI gives more favor to the vulnerable population and narrows the gap of the benefits between EMI and RMI, the policy improves the equity of health security.

10.
Journal of Periodontal & Implant Science ; : 405-414, 2016.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-34279

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a policy change to expand Korean National Health Insurance (KNHI) benefit coverage to include scaling on access to dental care at the national level. METHODS: A nationally representative sample of 12,794 adults aged 20 to 64 years from Korea National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (2010–2014) was analyzed. To examine the effect of the policy on the outcomes of interest (unmet dental care needs and preventive dental care utilization in the past year), an estimates-based probit model was used, incorporating marginal effects with a complex sampling structure. The effect of the policy on individuals depending on their income and education level was also assessed. RESULTS: Adjusting for potential covariates, the probability of having unmet needs for dental care decreased by 6.1% and preventative dental care utilization increased by 14% in the post-policy period compared to those in the pre-policy period (2010, 2012). High income and higher education levels were associated with fewer unmet dental care needs and more preventive dental visits. CONCLUSIONS: The expansion of coverage to include scaling demonstrated to have a significant association with decreasing unmet dental care needs and increasing preventive dental care utilization. However, the policy disproportionately benefited certain groups, in contrast with the objective of the policy to benefit all participants in the KNHI system.


Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Delivery of Health Care , Dental Care , Dental Health Services , Dental Scaling , Education , Health Policy , Health Services Accessibility , Insurance Benefits , Korea , National Health Programs , Periodontal Diseases
11.
Med. UIS ; 28(1): 23-30, ene.-abr. 2015. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-753548

ABSTRACT

En la actualidad no se han sistematizado las investigaciones sobre la calidad de vida del adolescente, a pesar de su relevancia científica, sanitaria, socioeconómica y política. Objetivo: caracterizar los estudios sobre calidad de vida relacionada con la salud del adolescente, 1970-2013. Materiales y métodos: revisión sistemática en seis bases de datos multidisciplinarias, siguiendo las fases de identificación, tamización, elegibilidad e inclusión. El protocolo de investigación fue aplicado por dos investigadores de forma independiente para garantizar la reproducibilidad del estudio. Resultados: se incluyeron 909 investigaciones con 323 239 sujetos sanos; en los estudios con enfermos los que incluyeron mayor número de pacientes correspondieron a enfermedades circulatorias (n= 12 325), nerviosas (n= 6 590), músculo-esqueléticas (n= 6 236), sanguíneas (n= 4 807), cáncer (n= 4 491) e infecciosas (n= 3 677); 43,1% de los estudios se realizaron en América y 39,9% en Europa. Se identificaron 170 escalas de calidad de vida, siendo más frecuentes Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory con un 22,2%, Medical Outcome Study Short Form con un 7,6%, Child Health Questionnaire 5,8%, German generic quality of life instrument for children 5,3% y KIDSCREEN 5,1%. Conclusión: la producción científica en la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud de los adolescentes se ha focalizado en enfermedades crónicas; se evidenció la relevancia de este tema para todas las especialidades médicas y la salud pública, además de la disponibilidad de un elevado número de instrumentos validados para población sana y enferma. Pese a ello, las investigaciones predominan en países de altos ingresos lo que pone al descubierto la necesidad de que investigaciones posteriores adapten y validen escalas para generar evidencia en los países de medianos y bajos ingresos...


At present have not been systematized the researches on quality of life of adolescents, despite their scientific, health, socio-economic and political relevance. Objective: to characterize the studies in Health-related quality of life of adolescents, 1970- 2013. Methods: a systematic review in six multidisciplinary databases, following the phases of identification, screening, eligibility and inclusion. The research protocol was applied by two researchers independently to ensure the reproducibility of the study. Results: The study included 909 researches with 323 239 healthy adolescents; in the studies with patients the most high frequency was in circulatory diseases (n= 12 325), nervous system (n= 6 590), musculoskeletal (n= 6 236, blood system (n= 4 807), cancer (n= 4 491) and infectious (n= 3,677). 43.1 % made in America and 39.9 % in Europe. 170 scales of Health-related quality of life were identified, they more frequently was Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory with 22.2%, Medical Outcome Study Short Form in 7.6 % , Child Health Questionnaire 5.8% , German generic quality of life instrument for children 5.3% and KIDSCREEN 5.1%. Conclusion: scientific production in Health-related quality of life of adolescents has been focused on chronic diseases; the relevance of this issue for all medical specialties and public health was evident, and the availability of a large number of validated instruments for healthy and sick population. Nevertheless, research predominate in high-income countries which exposes the need for further research to adapt and validate scales and to generate evidence on middle and low incomes...


Subject(s)
Humans , Adolescent , Health , Quality of Life
12.
Rev. bras. epidemiol ; 18(1): 194-207, Jan-Mar/2015. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-736436

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Analisar os fatores pessoais associados à prevalência e duração dos benefícios auxílio-doença decorrentes de sinovite e tenossinovite (CID10 M65). MÉTODO: Estudo transversal referente aos benefícios auxílio-doença decorrentes de sinovite e tenossinovite concedidos pelo Instituto Nacional de Seguro Social aos empregados no Brasil em 2008. Dados sobre o ramo de atividade econômica (Classificação Nacional de Atividades Econômicas - CNAE divisão, classe), sexo, idade, espécie e duração dos benefícios foram coletados do Sistema Único de Benefícios. A população corresponde à média mensal dos vínculos empregatícios declarados ao Cadastro Nacional de Informações Sociais. RESULTADOS: Em 2008 foram concedidos 35.601 benefícios auxílio-doença decorrentes de sinovite e tenossinovite, com prevalência de 10,9/10.000 vínculos empregatícios. No conjunto dos benefícios auxílio-doença houve maior razão de prevalência (RP) acidentária (RP 1,2), sendo esta maior em mulheres (RP 3,3), e em trabalhadores com idade acima de 39 anos (RP 1,4). As CNAE 37-Esgoto (55,4) e 60-Atividade de rádio e TV (47,1) apresentaram as maiores prevalências, no entanto, 64-Atividade de serviços financeiros e 6422-Bancos múltiplos caracterizaram mais acidentes de trabalho (RP 3,2 e 3,8, respectivamente) e maior duração (70 e 73 dias, respectivamente). A maior duração de benefício ocorreu entre trabalhadores com idade superior a 39 anos. Tanto a CNAE-divisão 60-Atividade de rádio e TV, quanto a CNAE-classe 6010-Atividade de rádio apresentaram elevadas razões de feminilidade (RP 8,1 e 10,8, respectivamente). CONCLUSÃO: A incapacidade para o trabalho por sinovite e tenossinovite apresenta associação tanto da prevalência quanto da duração com o ramo de atividade, sexo, idade e espécie de benefício (previdenciário/acidentário). .


OBJECTIVE: To analyse the personal and occupational factors associated with the prevalence and duration of sickness benefit claims due to synovitis and tenosynovitis (CID10 M65). METHODS: Cross-sectional study regarding sickness benefit claims due to synovitis and tenosynovitis granted to employees by National Institute of Social Security in Brazil in 2008. Data on economic activity (Economic Activities National Classification - CNAE division, class), sex, age, type and duration of benefits were collected from the Unified Benefit System. The study's population consists of the average monthly employment contracts declared to the National Register of Social Information. RESULTS: In 2008, 35,601 employees were granted sickness benefits due to synovitis and tenosynovitis, with a prevalence of 10.9/10,000 employments. Sickness benefits showed higher prevalence rates (PR) for work-related claims (PR 1,2), mostly made by females (PR 3.3) and by workers older than 39 years (PR 1,4). The CNAE 37-Sewage (55.4) and 60-Broadcasting Activity (47.1) had the highest overall prevalence. However, the 64-Financial service activities, except insurance and pension funding and 6422-Multiple banks with commercial service had the highest rates of work-related claims (RP 3.2 and 3.8, respectively), and the longer duration (70 and 73 days, respectively). Workers older than 39 years had the highest durations of work disability claims. Both the CNAE-division 60-Broadcasting Activity, and the CNAE-class 6010-Radio showed a high activity ratio of females (PR 8.1 and 10.8, respectively). CONCLUSION: The work disability due to synovitis and tenosynovitis presents prevalence and duration associated with economic activity, sex, age and kind of benefit (non work-related and work-related claims). .


Subject(s)
Humans , Globins/chemistry , Hydrogen Peroxide/chemistry , Nerve Tissue Proteins/chemistry , Nitrites/chemistry , Amino Acid Sequence , Binding Sites , Catalysis , Cysteine/chemistry , Cysteine/metabolism , Disulfides/chemistry , Disulfides/metabolism , Globins/metabolism , Hydrogen Peroxide/metabolism , Kinetics , Models, Molecular , Molecular Sequence Data , Myoglobin/chemistry , Myoglobin/metabolism , Nerve Tissue Proteins/metabolism , Nitrites/metabolism , Oxidation-Reduction , Protein Conformation , Phenol/chemistry , Phenols/chemistry , Phenylacetates/chemistry , Tandem Mass Spectrometry
13.
Journal of the Korean Medical Association ; : 1171-1178, 2015.
Article in Korean | WPRIM | ID: wpr-39501

ABSTRACT

Korea experienced an unprecedented national level disaster caused by the Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) in the first half of 2015. Because of the secretiveness of the government and the insufficiency of the nation's quarantine system, Korea could not effectively respond to the MERS coronavirus (CoV) outbreak. Many people suffered huge losses across most sectors, and medical clinics were no exception. Now the Korean Government and many professionals are discussing the matter of compensation. This study aimed to provide evidence for the necessity of compensation support. We conducted a questionnaire survey of the level of economic damage over the course of a month. The financial loss rate of medical clinics that experienced MERS damage has decreased by more than half over the previous year. The total financial loss of 48 medical clinics was about 1.6 billion Korean won (KRW) based on insurance benefits and 3.4 billion KRW based on sales. Due to the spreading of the MERS-CoV outbreak after May 20, 2015 in Korea, the loss rate in June was much higher than that in May or July. In July, the financial position tended to be restored to more than half of that in June but had not fully recovered to the level prior to the MERS-CoV outbreak. As most of the population, including professionals, perceive that the government is liable for damages from the MERS-CoV outbreak, the authorities concerned should prepare a compensation and redress plan. Furthermore, we expect our study to be used as good evidence for a redress plan for medical clinics damaged by the MERS-CoV outbreak.


Subject(s)
Commerce , Compensation and Redress , Coronavirus Infections , Coronavirus , Disasters , Insurance Benefits , Korea , Middle East , Quarantine
14.
Rev. AMRIGS ; 58(1): 30-37, jan.-mar. 2014. graf, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-878903

ABSTRACT

Introdução: É frequente a situação em que pessoas incapacitadas pela perícia médica do Instituto Nacional do Seguro Social (INSS) obtenham habilitação para condução de veículos junto ao Departamento Estadual de Trânsito (Detran). Este estudo teve como objetivo identificar, em uma amostra de pessoas que recebem benefícios previdenciários por doença, aqueles habilitados para condução de veículos e portadores de limitações que possam vir a representar risco de acidentes e morbidade para si próprios e para terceiros. Métodos: Uma amostra de 587 beneficiários de auxílio-doença (B31) e 525 beneficiários de aposentadoria por invalidez (B32) foi obtida junto pela Empresa de Tecnologia e Informações da Previdência Social. A condição de habilitação dos segurados foi pesquisada no site do Detran-RS utilizando a identificação civil (RG). Os resultados foram agrupados por tipo de benefício, categoria de habilitação e entidade nosológica, conforme CID10 (Classifi cação Internacional de Doenças, 10ª edição). Resultados: Havia identidade válida para pesquisa em 551 casos do grupo B31 e em 525 casos do grupo B32. Os portadores de limitações incapacitantes habilitados para condução de veículos representaram 31,76% dos beneficiários de auxílio-doença (B31) e 19,43% dos aposentados por invalidez (B32). Conclusões: Considerando a população de beneficiários dos mesmos benefícios no país, estima-se que existam 669.163 e 575.765 condutores atualmente habilitados, portadores de limitações incapacitantes, em cada um dos grupos de benefi ciários, respectivamente. Essa prevalência é de tal ordem a justificar a necessidade de notificação da autoridade competente por parte dos agentes previdenciários como atitude preventiva de acidentes de trânsito e consequente morbidade/mortalidade (AU)


Introduction: Persons considered disabled by the medical inspection of the National Social Security Institute (INSS) often do obtain a license to drive vehicles with the State Department of Motor Vehicles (Detran). This study aimed to identify, in a sample of people who receive social security benefits for sickness, those entitled to drive vehicles and those with limitations that may pose risk of accidents and morbidity for themselves and for others. Methods: A sample of 587 beneficiaries of sick pay (B31) and 525 recipients of disability pensions (B32) was obtained from the Company of Information and Technology of Social Security. The insured's license condition was searched in the Detran-RS website using civil identification (ID). The results were grouped by type of benefit, license category, and disease entity according to ICD10 (International Classifi cation of Diseases, 10th edition). Results: There was valid identity for search in 551 cases of group B31 and in 525 cases of group B32. Holders of disabling limitations licensed for driving accounted for 31.76 % of recipients of sick pay (B31) and 19.43% of disability retirees (B32). Conclusions: Considering the population of beneficiaries of the same benefits in the country, it is estimated that there are 669,163 and 575,765 currently licensed drivers with disabling limitations in each group of beneficiaries, respectively. This prevalence is such as to justify the need for notification to the competent authority by pension agents as a preventive attitude of traffic accidents and consequent morbidity/mortality (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Social Security/statistics & numerical data , Automobile Driving/statistics & numerical data , Disabled Persons/statistics & numerical data , Brazil/epidemiology , Accidents, Traffic/prevention & control
15.
Rev. bras. estud. popul ; 29(2): 349-359, jul.-dez. 2012. graf, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-660870

ABSTRACT

Aposentadoria por invalidez provoca um impacto limitante no crescimento da força de trabalho. Este artigo procura traçar o perfil socioeconômico-demográfico do beneficiário aposentado por invalidez, na Paraíba, no quinquênio 2007-2011 e verificar a proporção de benefícios concedidos e suas causas. Para tanto, foi realizada uma pesquisa observacional, descritiva, com dados secundários, a partir de um formulário construído para coleta de dados, contendo as seguintes variáveis: ano em que o benefício foi concedido; motivo do afastamento segundo o Código Internacional de Doenças (10ª Revisão); faixa etária, sexo e faixa salarial do aposentado após a invalidez; tempo de contribuição ao INSS antes da aposentadoria; e forma de filiação (desempregado, segurado especial, autônomo, facultativo, empregado doméstico e trabalhador avulso). Para análise, foi utilizado o software Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), versão 20.0. Do total de 13.537 beneficiários por invalidez, 62,8% estavam na faixa de 40 a 59 anos, 64% eram do sexo masculino, 63% possuíam uma média salarial entre um e dois salários mínimos, 28,3% dos benefícios foram concedidos a pessoas desempregadas e 25,3% das concessões deveram-se a doenças circulatórias. Espera-se que este estudo seja propulsor de outros estudos no Estado da Paraíba, pois a mensuração de indicadores é necessária para que se possa intervir visando a redução das aposentadorias por invalidez.


La jubilación por invalidez provoca un impacto limitador en el crecimiento de la fuerza de trabajo. Este artículo procura trazar el perfil socioeconómico-demográfico del beneficiario jubilado por invalidez, en Paraíba, durante el quinquenio 2007-2011 y verificar la proporción de beneficios concedidos y sus causas. Para ello, fue realizada una investigación observacional, descriptiva, con datos secundarios, a partir de un formulario construido para la recogida de datos, conteniendo las siguientes variables: año en que el beneficio fue concedido; motivo del alejamiento según el Código Internacional de Enfermedades (10ª Revisión); franja de edad, sexo y franja salarial del jubilado tras la invalidez; tiempo de contribución al INSS (Instituto Nacional de la Seguridad Social) antes de la jubilación; y forma de filiación (desempleado, asegurado especial, autónomo, facultativo, empleado doméstico y trabajador ocasional). Para el análisis, se utilizó el software Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), versión 20.0. Del total de 13.537 beneficiarios por invalidez, 62,8% estaban en la franja de 40 a 59 años, un 64% eran de sexo masculino, un 63% poseían una media salarial entre uno y dos salarios mínimos, un 28,3% de los beneficios fueron concedidos a personas desempleadas y un 25,3% de las concesiones se debieron a enfermedades circulatorias. Se espera que este estudio sea propulsor de otros estudios en el Estado de Paraíba, puesto que la medición de indicadores es necesaria para que se pueda intervenir en la reducción de las jubilaciones por invalidez.


Retirement due to disability causes a limiting impact on the growth of the labor force. This article seeks to draw the socioeconomic-demographic profile of beneficiaries retired due to disability, in Paraíba, in the 2007-2011 five-year period, and check the proportion of benefits given and their causes. Toward that end, an observational, descriptive survey, with secondary data was performed, using a form developed to collect data, with the following variables: year benefit was granted; reason for leave according to the International Classification of Diseases (10th Revision); age group, gender and wage range of the retired individual after disability; period of contribution to INSS (social security) before retirement; and type of affiliation (unemployed, special insurance, self-standing, non-work related contribution, domestic employee and temporary worker). For the analysis, the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software, version 20.0 was used. Of the total of 13,537 beneficiaries due to disability, 62.8% were in the 40 to 59 year old group, 64% were male, 63% had a mean wage between one and two minimum wages, 28.3% of benefits were granted to unemployed individuals, and 25.3% of concessions were due to circulatory conditions. The present study expects to be a driver for other studies in the State of Paraíba, because indicators need to be measured in order to develop interventions to reduce retirements due to disability.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Population Dynamics , Insurance, Disability , Social Security/economics , Retirement , Brazil , Pensions , Socioeconomic Factors
16.
Rev. saúde pública ; 46(3): 425-434, jun. 2012. tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-625678

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Analisar fatores associados à duração dos benefícios por incapacidade por doenças musculoesqueléticas na região cervical e/ou em membros superiores relacionadas ao trabalho. MÉTODOS: Estudo de coorte ambispectivo com 563 trabalhadores segurados do Regime Geral da Previdência Social que receberam benefício por incapacidade temporária por doenças musculoesqueléticas da região cervical e membros superiores relacionadas ao trabalho em Salvador, BA, em 2008. Os dados provieram de um inquérito conduzido pela Auditoria Regional do Instituto Nacional do Seguro Social e de registros administrativos. Foram analisadas variáveis sociodemográficas, relacionadas ao trabalho, características do agravo e aspectos relacionados ao seguro social. Os fatores associados ao tempo até a cessação do benefício foram identificados com técnicas de análise de sobrevida. RESULTADOS: Posição socioeconômica baixa (RR = 1,29; IC95% 1,02;1,64), idade abaixo de 39 anos (RR = 1,23; IC95% 1,03;1,47), reposição de renda pelo Instituto Nacional do Seguro Social < 100% (RR = 1,24; IC95% 1,04;1,47) e expectativa alta de retorno ao trabalho (RR = 1,20; IC95% 1,00;1,44) são as categorias relacionadas com maior taxa de cessação do benefício e sua menor duração. CONCLUSÕES: Fatores não estritamente médicos, como posição socioeconômica, idade, expectativa relativa ao retorno ao trabalho e nível de reposição de renda pelo Instituto Nacional do Seguro Social parecem influenciar a duração do benefício. Essas hipóteses deverão ser testadas posteriormente com estudos confirmatórios para aprimorar o entendimento do processo de determinação da incapacidade para o trabalho.


OBJECTIVE: To analyze factors associated with the duration of disability benefits due to work-related upper-limb musculoskeletal disorders. METHODS: Ambispective cohort study conducted with 563 insured workers from the General Social Security System who received temporary disability benefits due to work-related upper-limb musculoskeletal disorders in the city of Salvador, Northeastern Brazil, in 2008. The data came from an inquiry performed by the Regional Audit of the National Social Security Institute and from administrative records. Sociodemographic and work-related variables were analyzed, as well as characteristics of the health problem and aspects related to social security. Factors associated with time until the cessation of the benefit were identified through survival analysis techniques. RESULTS: Low socioeconomic position (RR=1.29; 95% CI 1.02; 1.64), age below 39 years (RR=1.23; 95% CI 1.03; 1.47), income replacement by the National Social Security Institute < 100% (RR=1.24; 95% CI 1.04; 1.47) and high expectation of returning to work (RR=1.20; 95% CI 1.00; 1.44) are the categories related to higher rate of cessation of the benefit and with its shorter duration. CONCLUSIONS: Factors that are not strictly medical, like socioeconomic position, age, expectation of returning to work and level of income replacement by the National Social Security Institute, seem to influence the benefit's duration. These hypotheses need to be tested with further confirmatory studies in order to improve the understanding of the process of determining incapacity for work.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Insurance, Disability/statistics & numerical data , Musculoskeletal Diseases/complications , Occupational Diseases/complications , Social Security/statistics & numerical data , Brazil , Cohort Studies , Sex Distribution , Socioeconomic Factors , Time Factors
17.
Cad. saúde pública ; 28(2): 324-334, fev. 2012.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-613462

ABSTRACT

Neste estudo, estima-se o efeito da posição socioeconômica sobre a duração dos benefícios por incapacidade devido a doenças musculoesqueléticas. Dados de um inquérito conduzido pela Auditoria Regional do Instituto Nacional do Seguro Social, com todos os segurados que receberam benefício por incapacidade temporária por doenças musculoesqueléticas da região cervical e membros superiores, em 2008, juntamente com os registros administrativos, foram utilizados para formar uma coorte de 563 trabalhadores. Todos eram residentes em Salvador, Bahia. Entre os trabalhadores sindicalizados e com alta demanda psicossocial no trabalho, a posição socioeconômica se associava positivamente com a duração do benefício (RR = 1,89; IC95 por cento: 1,25-2,87). Esses resultados correspondem ou a uma situação de iniquidade ou ao uso desnecessário do seguro pelos trabalhadores com posição socioeconômica alta. Investigações futuras que visem a elucidar as diferenças na utilização dos benefícios são necessárias para subsidiar a abordagem apropriada dessa questão pelos gestores do seguro social.


This study estimated the effect of socioeconomic position on the duration of disability benefits due to musculoskeletal disorders affecting the neck and/or upper limbs. A cohort study including 563 insured workers from the city of Salvador, Bahia, Brazil, registered inthe General Social Security System and who received temporary disability benefits due to musculoskeletal disorders affecting the neck and/or upper limbs, , was performedin 2008 using data from the National Social Security Institute. The results show that among union member workers with high psychosocial demands at work, those with low socioeconomic status are almost twice as likely to receive benefit for a shorter period of time compared to those with a higher socioeconomic position (RR = 1.89; 95 percentCI: 1.25-2.87). These results reveal aninequitable situation or unnecessary use of insurance for workers with a higher socioeconomic position. Future research aimed at elucidating the differences in the use of benefits are needed so that social insurance system managers may take the appropriate steps to resolve this issue.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Cumulative Trauma Disorders/economics , Insurance, Disability/statistics & numerical data , Musculoskeletal Diseases/economics , Social Class , Age Distribution , Brazil/epidemiology , Cohort Studies , Cumulative Trauma Disorders/epidemiology , Insurance Benefits , Musculoskeletal Diseases/epidemiology , Neck , Occupational Diseases , Proportional Hazards Models , Sex Distribution , Upper Extremity
18.
Cad. saúde pública ; 27(11): 2124-2134, nov. 2011. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-606621

ABSTRACT

Estimou-se a incidência cumulativa anual (ICA) das doenças musculoesqueléticas incapacitantes que acometem a região cervical e/ou membros superiores (DMEMS) relacionadas ao trabalho, entre trabalhadores do Regime Geral da Previdência Social (RGPS) de Salvador, Bahia, Brasil. Trabalhadores que receberam benefícios por incapacidade temporária por DMEMS relacionadas ao trabalho foram considerados casos, em 2008. Os dados provêm dos sistemas administrativos do Instituto Nacional do Seguro Social (INSS) e do Ministério do Trabalho e Emprego (MTE). A ICA foi de 15 por dez mil trabalhadores. Mulheres, os de menor renda e aqueles que trabalhavam no ramo de atividades financeiras e indústria de transformação tinham maior ICA-DMEMS do que os seus referentes. Mulheres com o menor rendimento (um salário mínimo: R$ 415,00) tiveram a maior ICA-DMEMS, de 123 casos por dez mil. Isso sugere desigualdade na ocorrência dessas enfermidades, indicando a necessidade de priorizar não só ações de prevenção, com foco na ergonomia e organização do trabalho, como também o diagnóstico precoce, tratamento e reabilitação profissional.


This study focused on the annual cumulative incidence (ACI) of disabling work-related musculoskeletal disorders affecting the neck and/or upper limbs (ULMSD) among workers covered by the National Social Insurance System in the city of Salvador, Bahia State, Brazil. Cases were workers who received disability compensation benefits when unable to work due to ULMSD, during the year 2008. The data were obtained from the administrative systems of the National Social Insurance Institute and Ministry of Labor and Employment. ACI was 15 per 10,000 workers. Increased ACI of ULMSD was associated with female gender, lower income, and work in financial activities or manufacturing. Women earning the minimum wage (US$ 64.00 per month) or less had the highest ACI of ULMSD (123 per 10,000), suggesting inequalities in the occurrence of these disorders. The study indicates the need to prioritize preventive actions focusing on ergonomics and work organization, early diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Disabled Persons , Insurance, Disability , Musculoskeletal Diseases/epidemiology , Occupational Diseases/epidemiology , Arm , Brazil/epidemiology , Disability Evaluation , Incidence , Musculoskeletal Diseases/economics , Musculoskeletal Diseases/prevention & control , Neck , Occupational Diseases/economics , Occupational Diseases/prevention & control , Sex Factors , Socioeconomic Factors , Urban Population , Workers' Compensation/economics
19.
Rev. peru. med. exp. salud publica ; 27(2): 179-186, abr.-jun. 2010. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, LIPECS | ID: lil-565450

ABSTRACT

Objetivo. Determinar, desde la perspectiva de los pacientes, el grado de conocimiento y de cobertura real de la Ley de Atención de Emergencia y del Seguro Obligatorio Contra Accidentes de Tránsito (SOAT). Materiales y métodos. Estudio transversal de vigilancia activa en los servicios de emergencia de establecimientos de salud (EESS) de tres ciudades del país con heterogeneidad económica, social y cultural (Lima, Pucallpa y Ayacucho). Resultados. De 644 encuestados, 77% negaron conocer la Ley de Atención de Emergencia (81% en Lima, 64% en Pucallpa y 93% en Ayacucho; p < 0,001). Luego de explicarles dicha ley, 46% del total respondió que fueron atendidos bajo los preceptos de la ley. Con respecto al SOAT; en 237 personas (37,2%) los gastos de atención no fueron cubiertos por un seguro (74% Pucallpa, 34% en Ayacucho y 26% en Lima: p < 0,001). De los que contaban con un seguro (SOAT u otro), pero cuya atención no fue cubierta por éste, la mayoría estuvo en Lima (70%), seguido de Ayacucho (30%) y ninguno en Pucallpa. La mayoría (94%) procedió de establecimientos públicos. Las razones incluyeron problemas administrativos (25%), vencimiento del seguro o morosidad en el pago (21%), invalidez del seguro en el establecimiento (18%), no disponibilidad de la póliza (18%), o no cobertura de las lesiones por el seguro (9%). En estos casos, los gastos fueron asumidos por el mismo paciente, familiares o parientes, el chofer o dueño del vehículo, el servicio social del EESS, u otras personas o instituciones. Conclusiones. En este estudio se observó un gran desconocimiento de la Ley de Atención de Emergencia, y una cobertura de atención muy deficiente, pues casi la mitad de atenciones no fueron brindadas de acuerdo a uno o más puntos establecidos por dicha norma.


Objective. The aim of this study was to ascertain, from patients' perspective, the degree of knowledge and the actual coverage of the Emergency Health Care Law and the Compulsory Insurance against Road Traffic Crashes (SOAT). Material and methods. A cross-sectional, active surveillance of emergency wards of selected health facilities in three Peruvian cities (Lima, Pucallpa y Ayacucho) was conducted. Results. Out of 644 surveyed victims, 77% did not know about the law about provision of emergency health care (81% in Lima, 64% in Pucallpa y 93% in Ayacucho; p < 0,001). Following the explanation of what this law entails, 46% reported to have received care according to the law specifications. As for SOAT, the health care related costs of 237 persons (37.2%) were not covered by any insurance scheme (74% in Pucallpa, 34% in Ayacucho and 26% in Lima: p < 0,001). Conclusions. In this study, the lack of knowledge about the provision of emergency health care law was important, and the coverage of care was deficient as nearly half of participants reported not to be treated by one or more of the entitlements stated in such law. Road traffic injuriesrelated health care costs were not covered by any insurance scheme in one of three victims. Improvements on citizens' information about their rights and of effective law enforcement are badly needed to reach a universal and more equitable coverage in the health care of road traffic-related victims.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Accidents, Traffic , Law Enforcement , Insurance Coverage , Insurance, Accident , Emergency Medical Services , Cross-Sectional Studies
20.
Rev. saúde pública ; 42(4): 630-638, ago. 2008. tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-488999

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Estimar a contribuição das doenças relacionadas ao trabalho nos afastamentos por problemas de saúde em geral e ocupacionais. MÉTODOS: Foram analisados dados sociodemográficos, ocupacionais e de saúde referentes a 29.658 registros dos benefícios por incapacidade temporária concedidos por agravos à saúde pelo Instituto Nacional do Seguro Social, no Estado da Bahia, em 2000. Foram considerados casos todos os diagnósticos clínicos constantes da CID-10, com exceção das causas externas e fatores que influenciam o contato com os serviços de saúde. A vinculação do diagnóstico com a ocupação baseou-se no código CID-10 e se a espécie do benefício era "acidentária". RESULTADOS: Dentre os benefícios, 3,1 por cento foram concedidos para doenças do trabalho: 70 por cento eram doenças do sistema osteomuscular e do tecido conjuntivo e 14,5 por cento do sistema nervoso. No geral, benefícios concedidos numa freqüência maior que o dobro da esperada foram: para tenossinovites na indústria da transformação (Razão de Proporção-RP=2,70), síndrome do túnel do carpo na intermediação financeira (RP=2,43) e transtornos do disco lombar no ramo de transporte, correio e telecomunicações (RP=2,17). Entretanto, não foi estabelecido nexo causal para estas doenças, nesses ramos de atividade, em percentual significativo de benefícios. CONCLUSÕES: Os resultados sugerem a existência de possíveis fatores de risco ocupacionais para enfermidades nesses ramos de atividade, como também o sub-registro da vinculação das patologias com o trabalho, camuflando a responsabilidade das empresas e a perspectiva de prevenção pela reorganização do trabalho.


OBJECTIVE: To estimate the contribution of work-related diseases to sick leaves due to general and occupational health problems. METHODS: Sociodemographic, occupational and health data from 29,658 records of temporary disability benefits, granted on account of health problems by the Instituto Nacional do Seguro Social (National Institute of Social Security) in the state of Bahia (Northeastern Brazil), were analyzed. All constant ICD-10 clinical diagnoses were taken into consideration, except for those referring to external causes and factors that influence contact with health services. The link between diagnosis and occupation was based on the ICD-10 code and whether the type of compensation was due to a "work-related accident/disease" or not. RESULTS: From all the benefits, 3.1 percent were granted due to work-related diseases: 70 percent were musculoskeletal system and connective tissue diseases, while 14.5 percent were related to the nervous system. In general, benefits granted at more than two times the expected frequency were as follows: tenosynovitis in the manufacturing sector (Proportion Ratio-PR=2.70), carpal tunnel syndrome in the financial intermediation sector (PR=2.43), and lumbar disc degeneration in the transportation, postal service and telecommunications sectors (PR=2.17). However, no causal connection could be established for these diseases, in these activity sectors, in a significant percentage of benefits. CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest the existence of possible occupational risk factors for diseases in these fields of activity, as well as the underreporting of the link between diseases and work, thus disguising the responsibility of companies and the perspective of prevention through work reorganization.


OBJETIVO: Estimar la contribución de las enfermedades relacionadas al trabajo en las licencias por problemas de salud en general y ocupacionales. MÉTODOS: Fueron analizados datos sociodemográficos, ocupacionales y de salud referentes a 29.658 registros de los beneficios por incapacidad temporal concedidos por agravamientos a la salud por el Instituto Nacional do Seguro Social, en el estado de Bahia (Nordeste de Brasil), en 2000. Fueron considerados como casos todos los diagnósticos clínicos constantes de CID-10, con excepción de las causas externas y factores que influencian el contacto con los servicios de salud. La vinculación del diagnóstico con la ocupación se baso en el código CID-10 y si la especie de beneficio era "accidentaria". RESULTADOS: De los beneficios, 3,1 por ciento fueron concedidos para enfermedades de trabajo: 70 por ciento eran enfermedades del sistema osteomuscular y del tejido conjuntivo y 14,5 por ciento del sistema nervioso. En general, beneficios concedidos en una frecuencia mas grande que el doble de lo esperado fueron: para tenossinovites en la industria de transformación (Razón de Proporción-RP=2,70), síndrome del túnel del carpo en la intermediación financiera (RP=2,43) y trastornos del disco lumbar en el ramo del transporte, correo y telecomunicaciones (RP=2,17). Sin embargo, no fue establecido nexo causal para estas enfermedades, en estos ramos de actividad, en porcentual significativo de beneficios. CONCLUSÕES: Los resultados sugieren la existencia de posibles factores de riesgo ocupacionales para enfermedades en estos ramos de actividad, como también el sub-registro de la vinculación de las patologías con el trabajo, camuflando la responsabilidad de las empresas y la perspectiva de premención por la reorganización del trabajo.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Accidents, Occupational/statistics & numerical data , Health Surveys , Occupational Diseases/epidemiology , Workers' Compensation/statistics & numerical data , Accidents, Occupational/economics , Brazil/epidemiology , Connective Tissue Diseases/economics , Connective Tissue Diseases/epidemiology , Insurance Claim Reporting , Morbidity , Musculoskeletal Diseases/economics , Musculoskeletal Diseases/epidemiology , Occupational Diseases/economics , Occupational Health , Registries , Risk Factors , Social Security , Workers' Compensation/economics , Wounds and Injuries/economics , Wounds and Injuries/epidemiology
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